Muslims dominate the Urban Demography of Uttar Pradesh
List of Muslim-majority towns continued...
In our earlier note on Uttar Pradesh, we noticed that the overall share of Muslims and
growth in their share is not very high outside a pocket of eight districts in
the western UP. In that note, we also indicated that the share and growth of
urban Muslims in this pocket is considerably higher than in the total
population. The issue of the exodus of Hindus from some of the towns of this
pocket, especially towns like Kairana and Kandhla, has suddenly acquired
salience. In view of this, we present further details of the religious
demography of urban Uttar Pradesh.
Share of Muslims in the urban population of the State
is much higher than their average share in the total population. They form 32.2
percent of the urban population, while they form less than 20 percent of the
total and only 15.6 percent of the rural population. What is even more
important is that they have an overwhelming presence in several towns. Muslims
are in a majority in 231 of the total 915 towns counted in the State in 2011.
Among these 231 towns, there are 15 where the share of Muslims is above 90
percent, 37 where their share is between 80 and 90 percent and another 47 where
they form 70 to 80 percent of the population.
Of the 231 Muslim-majority towns in the State, 103 are
in the 8 districts of West UP where the Muslim presence is otherwise high. But
the remaining 128 are spread over the whole State, and there are
Muslims-majority towns in even those districts where their overall presence is very
low. There are urban pockets of very high Muslim presence in almost every part
of the State. Therefore, their influence in the State is much deeper and more
widespread than what is indicated by their share in the total population of the
State.
The share of Muslims in the towns of Uttar Pradesh has
been growing quite rapidly. In 1981, when there were a total of 607 towns in
the State, the number of Muslim-majority towns was 101; that number has now
expanded to 231.
In many towns, the increase in the share of Muslims
during the last three or four decades has been very sharp; in several
instances, this has implied a decline in the absolute number, and not merely
the share, of the Indian Religionists. Such decline usually implies large-scale
out-migration of the latter from those towns.
In the following we describe different dimensions of
this high and growing Muslim influence in the urban areas of Uttar Pradesh.
Total and Urban Muslims in Uttar Pradesh
Total and Urban Muslims in UP, 1971-2011
|
||||
Total
Pop
|
Urban
Pop
|
Total
M
|
Urban
M
|
|
1971
|
8,38,78,581
|
1,16,53,740
|
1,33,28,316
|
35,53,060
|
1981
|
10,51,74,283
|
1,87,49,979
|
1,71,83,263
|
55,06,875
|
1991
|
13,20,61,653
|
2,59,71,831
|
2,34,04,386
|
83,23,864
|
2001
|
16,61,97,921
|
3,45,39,582
|
3,07,40,158
|
1,10,73,861
|
2011
|
19,98,12,341
|
4,44,95,063
|
3,84,83,967
|
1,43,27,910
|
In the
Table above, we have compiled the total and urban population of Uttar Pradesh
and the number of total and urban Muslims in the State as counted in the
Censuses from 1971 to 2011. These numbers indicate that:
Muslims are much more urban than others
Urban
Ratio in Percent
|
|||
Total
|
Muslim
|
Others
|
|
1971
|
13.89
|
26.66
|
9.66
|
1981
|
17.83
|
32.05
|
12.59
|
1991
|
19.67
|
35.57
|
13.36
|
2001
|
20.78
|
36.02
|
14.12
|
2011
|
22.27
|
37.23
|
15.10
|
Muslims
in Uttar Pradesh are much more urban than others. Of 4.45 crore Muslims counted
in 2011, 1.43 crore are in the urban areas. Urban ratio of the Muslims thus
works out to be 37.2 percent; for the rest of the population, this ratio is
only 15.1 percent. This gap between the urban ratio of Muslims and others has
been persisting and widening for long; in 1971, nearly 27 percent of the
Muslims were urban, while the urban ratio for others was less than 10 percent.
Share of Muslims in the urban population is much
higher
%Muslim
Share
|
||
Urban
|
Rural
|
|
1971
|
30.49
|
13.53
|
1981
|
29.37
|
13.51
|
1991
|
32.05
|
14.21
|
2001
|
32.06
|
14.94
|
2011
|
32.20
|
15.55
|
Consequently,
the share of Muslims in the urban areas of the State is much higher than their
relatively low presence indicated by the total numbers. In 2011, they have an
average share of 32.2 percent in the towns, compared to only 15.6 percent in
the villages. With this high level of average presence in the urban areas of
the State, it is natural that they form a majority in a large number of towns
of the State, as we see below.
Muslims are a majority in the urban areas of 8
districts
Districts
with Muslim majority
in the Urban Population |
||
District
|
%UM
|
%TM
|
Rampur
|
69.06
|
50.57
|
Bijnor
|
67.48
|
43.04
|
Jyotiba Phule Nagar
|
65.63
|
40.78
|
Bahraich
|
59.77
|
33.53
|
Mau
|
57.53
|
19.43
|
Moradabad
|
54.65
|
47.12
|
Saharanpur
|
51.28
|
41.95
|
Ambedkar Nagar
|
51.09
|
16.75
|
UM: Share of Muslims
in the urban pop.
TM: Share of Muslims in the total pop. |
||
While
Muslims form a majority of the total population in only Rampur district, they
have a presence of more than half in the urban population of as many as 8
districts in the State. Five of these are in the west UP pocket of high Muslim
presence. The other three are: Bahraich, where the share of Muslims in the
total population is 33.5 percent, and Mau and Ambedkar Nagar, where Muslim
presence in the total is far lower at 19.4 and 16.8 percent, respectively.
They have a share of 40-50 percent in another 13
districts
Districts
with Muslim majority
in the Urban Population |
||
District
|
%UM
|
%TM
|
Balrampur
|
49.34
|
37.51
|
Shrawasti
|
49.24
|
30.79
|
Muzaffarnagar
|
48.98
|
41.30
|
Bara Banki
|
48.56
|
22.61
|
Azamgarh
|
47.31
|
15.58
|
Bareilly
|
47.20
|
34.54
|
Budaun
|
47.16
|
21.47
|
Sitapur
|
44.53
|
19.93
|
Sant Ravidas Nagar
|
43.75
|
12.92
|
Pilibhit
|
43.17
|
24.11
|
Gonda
|
40.73
|
19.76
|
Kanshiram Nagar
|
40.62
|
14.88
|
Shahjahanpur
|
40.37
|
17.55
|
UM: Share of Muslims
in the urban pop.
TM: Share of Muslims in the total pop. |
||
There
are another 13 districts in the State, where the share of Muslims in the urban
population is between 40 to 50 percent. Two of the eight districts in the West
UP pocket of high Muslim presence—Muzaffarnagar, and Bareilly—fall in this
category. But, there are also several districts in this list, where the Muslim
presence in the total population is low. In Azamgarh, Sitapur, Sant Ravidas
Nagar (Bhadohi), Gonda, Kanshiram Nagar and Shahjahanpur, Muslim presence in
the district as a whole is less than 20 percent, yet their share in the urban
areas is above 40 percent. They have a presence of between 30 and 40 percent in
another 16 districts. Thus in more than half of the districts of Uttar Pradesh,
Muslims have a share of at least 30 percent in the urban population.
Districts with high urban Muslim share are spread
across the State
In our
earlier note on Uttar Pradesh, we had seen that outside
the West UP pocket, there are no districts with Muslim presence of 40 percent
or above, and there are only 3 districts outside this pocket with Muslim share
of above 30 percent. But, as seen in the Tables above and the Map here, there
are many more districts with Muslim presence of thirty percent or more in the
urban population, and these districts are spread widely across the whole of the
State.
Muslims form a
majority or near majority in the urban population of half of the sub-districts
%M
Urban |
Number
of Taluks |
>70
|
12
|
60-70
|
23
|
50-60
|
28
|
40-50
|
43
|
30-40
|
46
|
20-30
|
60
|
10-20
|
68
|
<10
|
14
|
No urban
|
18
|
Total
|
312
|
The
high presence of Muslims in the urban demography of Uttar Pradesh looks even
more widespread at the level of the sub-districts (or taluks). According to the
Census of 2011, the State is divided into a total of 312 taluks. Of these,
there are 18 with no urban population. Among the remaining 294, Muslims form a
majority in the urban population of 106, and their share is between 40 to 50
percent in another 43. Thus, in more than half of the Taluks, Muslims form a
majority or near majority. They have a significant presence in nearly all the
taluks; there are only 14 taluks, where their share in the urban population is
below 10 percent. In the Map below, taluks with a majority of Muslims in the
urban population are marked in white. Such taluks are spread through much of
the State except in the southwestern and southern parts. Even in these parts,
where the share of Muslims in the total population is rather low, there are
occasional taluks with the Muslims having a share of more than 40 percent in
the urban population. For example, there is Maudaha in Hamirpur district with
42.4 percent Muslims in its urban population, while the share of Muslims in the
total population of the district is only 8.3 percent.
Muslims in the Towns of Uttar Pradesh
Muslims form a majority in a quarter of the towns
Number
of Towns
|
||
%M
|
1981
|
2011
|
>90
|
0
|
15
|
80-90
|
12
|
37
|
70-80
|
24
|
47
|
60-70
|
22
|
52
|
50-60
|
43
|
80
|
40-50
|
56
|
80
|
30-40
|
78
|
114
|
20-30
|
111
|
113
|
10-20
|
127
|
186
|
<10
|
134
|
191
|
Total
|
607
|
915
|
The
widespread presence of Muslims in the urban demography of Uttar Pradesh is most
clearly seen when we analyse the data at the level of the towns. Census 2011
counts a total of 915 towns in Uttar Pradesh. Muslims form a majority in 231 of
these. Among these 231, there are 15 towns, where Muslims form more than 90
percent of the population and there are another 37, where their share is
between 80 to 90 percent. In the Table here, we have also given the
distribution of towns according to the share of Muslims in 1981. At that time,
the number of towns with a Muslim majority was only 101 and there were no towns
with more than 90 percent Muslims. In the three decades between 1981 and 2011,
Muslim presence in the towns of Uttar Pradesh has considerably increased.
Muslims are in a majority in two-thirds of the towns
of West UP
%M
|
2011
|
>90
|
11
|
80-90
|
20
|
70-80
|
24
|
60-70
|
21
|
50-60
|
27
|
40-50
|
12
|
30-40
|
11
|
20-30
|
11
|
10-20
|
7
|
<10
|
10
|
Total
|
154
|
Of 231
Muslim-majority towns in the State, 103 are in the eight districts in the West
UP pocket of high Muslim presence. There are a total of 154 towns in this
pocket. Muslims are thus in a majority in two-thirds of the towns of this
pocket. Eleven of the 15 towns with Muslim presence of more than 90 percent are
located in these eight districts. Of the rest, two are in Kanshiram Nagar, one
in Bulandshahr and one in Budaun. The share of Muslims in the total population
of Bulandshahr and Budaun is around 22 percent and it is less than 15 percent
in Kanshiram Nagar. The share of Muslims in the towns of the West UP pocket of
high Muslim presence is indeed very high. But Muslim-dominant towns exist also in
those areas where Muslim presence otherwise is low.
List of Muslim-majority towns
To
form an idea of the dominance of Muslims in the towns of Uttar Pradesh, it is
instructive to look at the complete list of 231 Muslim majority towns, which we
give below. There is one or more Muslim majority town in 52 of the 71 districts
of the State. Thus, there is at least some urban pocket of Muslim-dominance nearly
everywhere.
Saharanpur
|
Total
|
%M
|
Rampur
Continued…
|
Total
|
%M
|
|
Kailashpur
(CT)
|
11,422
|
79.99
|
Bilaspur
(NPP)
|
43,908
|
53.80
|
|
Ambehta
(NP)
|
15,739
|
74.19
|
Maswasi
(NP)
|
17,737
|
51.83
|
|
Behat (NP)
|
20,474
|
72.64
|
Jyotiba
Phule Nagar
|
|||
Deoband
(NPP)
|
97,037
|
71.06
|
Naugawan
Sadat (NP)
|
32,954
|
93.69
|
|
Chilkana
Sultanpur (NP)
|
19,501
|
66.17
|
Beelna
(CT)
|
7,024
|
81.88
|
|
Gangoh
(NPP)
|
59,279
|
65.12
|
Bachhraon
(NPP)
|
31,101
|
79.53
|
|
Nanauta
(NP)
|
22,551
|
62.89
|
Ujhari
(NP)
|
24,488
|
76.73
|
|
Gagalhedi
Must. (CT)
|
7,776
|
55.38
|
Amroha
(NPP)
|
1,98,471
|
73.80
|
|
Chhutmalpur
(CT)
|
14,274
|
50.66
|
Joya (NP)
|
18,377
|
73.05
|
|
Muzaffarnagar
|
Hasanpur
(NPP)
|
61,243
|
64.97
|
|||
Kairana
(NPP)
|
89,000
|
80.74
|
Meerut
|
|||
Purquazi
(NP + OG)
|
29,041
|
76.33
|
Kithaur
(NP)
|
27,933
|
87.79
|
|
Jalalabad
(NP)
|
27,921
|
74.62
|
Sewalkhas
(NP)
|
24,882
|
86.43
|
|
Kandhla
(NPP)
|
46,796
|
69.77
|
Sardhana
(NPP)
|
58,252
|
64.09
|
|
Khatauli
Rural (CT)
|
14,949
|
65.32
|
Sindhawali
(CT)
|
5,335
|
63.75
|
|
Budhana
(NP + OG)
|
53,722
|
64.62
|
Lawar (NP)
|
22,024
|
62.64
|
|
Miranpur
(NP)
|
29,283
|
60.51
|
Phalauda
(NP)
|
19,908
|
55.47
|
|
Shahpur
(NP)
|
20,154
|
60.40
|
Mawana
(NPP)
|
81,443
|
54.54
|
|
Shahbudinpur
(CT)
|
25,157
|
59.86
|
Baghpat
|
|||
Jansath
(NP)
|
19,786
|
59.77
|
Baghpat
(NPP)
|
50,310
|
60.34
|
|
Garhi
Pukhta (NP)
|
11,748
|
59.76
|
Ghaziabad
|
|||
Khatauli
(NPP)
|
72,949
|
57.52
|
Dasna (NP)
|
34,914
|
80.78
|
|
Charthawal
(NP)
|
20,653
|
57.36
|
Faridnagar
(NP)
|
12,785
|
56.18
|
|
Jhinjhana
(NP)
|
18,740
|
57.13
|
Buxer (CT)
|
11,499
|
52.76
|
|
Sarwat
(CT)
|
34,846
|
55.91
|
Muradnagar
(NPP)
|
95,208
|
50.04
|
|
Thana
Bhawan (NP)
|
36,669
|
55.12
|
Gautam Buddha Nagar
|
|||
Bijnor
|
Bilaspur
(NP)
|
8,980
|
53.94
|
|||
Sahaspur
(NP)
|
24,463
|
91.16
|
Bulandshahr
|
|||
Jalalabad
(NP)
|
20,360
|
89.97
|
Hasangarh
(CT)
|
6,541
|
94.10
|
|
Kotwali
(CT)
|
11,221
|
88.97
|
Khanpur
(NP)
|
17,247
|
59.03
|
|
Basta (CT)
|
8,697
|
85.96
|
Bugrasi
(NP)
|
14,992
|
57.54
|
|
Afzalgarh
(NPP)
|
29,101
|
85.88
|
Gulaothi
(NPP)
|
50,823
|
55.31
|
|
Sahanpur
(NP)
|
21,639
|
84.30
|
Pahasu
(NP)
|
20,672
|
54.52
|
|
Sadruddin
Nagar (CT)
|
3,506
|
82.92
|
Aurangabad
(NP)
|
26,544
|
53.18
|
|
Mandawar
(NP)
|
21,078
|
76.81
|
Aligarh
|
|||
Kiratpur
(NPP + OG)
|
61,946
|
76.62
|
Dhaurra
Mafi (CT)
|
13,241
|
81.90
|
|
Nehtaur
(NPP)
|
47,834
|
75.89
|
Ramgarh
Panjoopur (CT)
|
18,897
|
78.40
|
|
Sherkot
(NPP)
|
62,226
|
74.22
|
Pilkhana
(NP)
|
11,518
|
77.71
|
|
Seohara
(NPP + OG)
|
53,296
|
71.86
|
Kauriaganj
(NP)
|
12,244
|
59.41
|
|
Chandpur
(NPP)
|
83,441
|
71.77
|
Manjoor
Garhi (CT)
|
9,381
|
51.25
|
|
Najibabad
(NPP)
|
88,535
|
71.32
|
Budaun
|
|||
Nagina
(NPP)
|
95,246
|
70.53
|
Kakrala (NPP)
|
37,986
|
90.08
|
|
Warhapur
(NP)
|
23,456
|
69.75
|
Saidpur (NP)
|
15,545
|
89.04
|
|
Noorpur
(NPP)
|
38,806
|
62.87
|
Sakhanu (NP)
|
10,627
|
68.53
|
|
Jhalu (NP)
|
20,978
|
61.46
|
Sahaswan (NPP)
|
66,204
|
68.50
|
|
Dhampur
Husainpur (CT)
|
6,752
|
58.44
|
Usehat (NP)
|
16,361
|
62.80
|
|
Bijnor
(NPP)
|
93,297
|
54.48
|
Gunnaur (NP)
|
23,665
|
62.42
|
|
Mukrampur
Khema (CT)
|
14,089
|
53.25
|
Islamnagar (NP)
|
31,022
|
62.20
|
|
Moradabad
|
Allapur (NP)
|
23,985
|
55.43
|
|||
Umri Kalan
(NP)
|
17,803
|
98.11
|
Faizganj (NP)
|
12,334
|
54.28
|
|
Bhojpur
Dharampur (NP)
|
31,305
|
90.90
|
Bareilly
|
|||
Barwara
Mazra (CT)
|
9,455
|
90.19
|
Saidpur Khajuria (CT)
|
9,439
|
97.22
|
|
Gadhi (CT)
|
9,933
|
90.09
|
Parsona (CT)
|
6,946
|
96.33
|
|
Sirsi (NP)
|
26,519
|
85.93
|
Padarathpur (CT)
|
8,852
|
94.69
|
|
Kundarki
(NP)
|
29,951
|
81.54
|
Thiriya Nizamat Khan (NP)
|
23,184
|
92.76
|
|
Sambhal
(NPP)
|
2,20,813
|
77.67
|
Shishgarh (NP)
|
25,815
|
88.67
|
|
Thakurdwara
(NPP)
|
44,255
|
75.94
|
Richha (NP)
|
20,977
|
86.97
|
|
Pakbara
(CT)
|
36,728
|
74.47
|
Hafiz Ganj (CT)
|
9,447
|
83.30
|
|
Got (CT)
|
6,599
|
71.50
|
Sainthal (NP)
|
15,332
|
82.68
|
|
Rustamnagar
Sahaspur (CT)
|
18,677
|
68.06
|
Dhaura Tanda (NP)
|
23,727
|
80.99
|
|
Kanth (NP)
|
26,381
|
55.60
|
Deoranian (NP)
|
20,815
|
70.22
|
|
Bilari
(NPP)
|
37,567
|
54.25
|
Baheri (NPP)
|
68,413
|
68.73
|
|
Narauli
(NP)
|
18,346
|
51.78
|
Sirauli (NP)
|
23,650
|
68.19
|
|
Rampur
|
Shahi (NP)
|
16,950
|
67.14
|
|||
Saijni
Nankar (CT)
|
8,572
|
92.03
|
Nawabganj (NPP)
|
39,241
|
57.31
|
|
Kemri (NP)
|
28,698
|
85.07
|
Shergarh (NP)
|
16,247
|
57.30
|
|
Suar (NPP)
|
32,158
|
84.93
|
Mirganj (NP)
|
17,542
|
56.65
|
|
Tanda
(NPP)
|
48,059
|
81.87
|
Bisharatganj
(NP)
|
15,975
|
55.08
|
|
Rampur
(NPP)
|
3,25,313
|
70.02
|
Faridpur
(NP)
|
7,673
|
54.48
|
|
Ajitpur
(CT)
|
15,373
|
67.31
|
Aonla
(NPP)
|
55,629
|
50.68
|
|
Shahabad
(NP)
|
38,276
|
63.71
|
Faridpur
(NPP)
|
78,249
|
50.62
|
Pilibhit
|
Total
|
%M
|
Sultanpur
|
Total
|
%M
|
|
Nyoria Husainpur (NP)
|
21,812
|
88.30
|
Nihal Garh Chak Jangla (CT)
|
7,345
|
67.41
|
|
Jahanabad (NP)
|
14,328
|
62.12
|
Kasba Sultanpur (CT)
|
8,304
|
60.54
|
|
Shahjahanpu
|
Palpur (CT)
|
5,702
|
55.70
|
|||
Tilhar
(NPP)
|
61,444
|
57.23
|
Bahraich
|
|||
Katra (NP)
|
32,440
|
57.08
|
Jarwal (NP)
|
19,289
|
79.58
|
|
Kanth (NP)
|
27,137
|
56.28
|
Nanpara (NPP)
|
48,337
|
72.84
|
|
Kheri
|
Bahraich (NPP)
|
1,86,223
|
56.07
|
|||
Kheri (NP)
|
33,355
|
79.33
|
Shrawasti
|
|||
Dhaurehra
(NP)
|
24,518
|
53.58
|
Bhinga (NP)
|
23,780
|
56.95
|
|
Sitapur
|
Balrampur
|
|||||
Tambaur-cum-Ahamdabad
(NP)
|
26,052
|
77.45
|
Ganwaria Tulsipur (Dehat) (CT)
|
5,748
|
71.29
|
|
Laharpur
(NPP)
|
61,990
|
76.96
|
Utraula (NPP)
|
32,145
|
60.30
|
|
Paintepur
(NP)
|
13,917
|
71.12
|
Pachperwa (NP)
|
17,220
|
59.00
|
|
Khairabad
(NPP)
|
48,538
|
70.69
|
Gonda
|
|||
Mahmudabad
(NPP)
|
50,777
|
57.02
|
Katra (NP)
|
8,108
|
69.31
|
|
Biswan
(NPP)
|
55,780
|
53.98
|
Colonelganj (NPP)
|
29,435
|
64.10
|
|
Hardoi
|
Pure Tiwari (CT)
|
4,609
|
62.79
|
|||
Gopamau
(NP)
|
15,526
|
65.46
|
Gird Gonda (CT)
|
14,391
|
52.02
|
|
Pihani
(NPP)
|
36,014
|
63.01
|
Siddharthnagar
|
|||
Sandila
(NPP)
|
58,346
|
55.49
|
Hallaur (CT)
|
6,999
|
87.64
|
|
Shahabad
(NPP)
|
80,226
|
51.53
|
Sant Kabir Nagar
|
|||
Unnao
|
Ledwa Mahua (CT)
|
13,844
|
74.39
|
|||
Kursath
(NP)
|
6,770
|
76.51
|
Maghar (NP)
|
19,181
|
53.73
|
|
Ganj
Muradabad (NP)
|
10,957
|
67.98
|
Gorakhpur
|
|||
Lucknow
|
Piprayli Bujurg (CT)
|
6,270
|
52.82
|
|||
Malihabad
(NP)
|
17,818
|
61.67
|
Azamgarh
|
|||
Rae Bareli
|
Chak Sikari (CT)
|
8,820
|
85.27
|
|||
Salon (NP)
|
14,757
|
66.93
|
Mubarakpur (NPP)
|
70,463
|
84.35
|
|
Jais (NPP)
|
26,735
|
61.05
|
Ibrahimpur (CT)
|
7,853
|
80.02
|
|
Parsadepur
(NP)
|
11,853
|
57.21
|
Amilo (CT)
|
30,339
|
72.63
|
|
Unchahar
(NP)
|
11,033
|
55.04
|
Bilariaganj (NP)
|
13,096
|
63.23
|
|
Farrukhabad
|
Barahatir Jagdishpur (CT)
|
15,367
|
56.94
|
|||
Amethi
Jadid (CT)
|
5,642
|
69.25
|
Sarai Mir (NP)
|
19,055
|
52.01
|
|
Shamsabad
(NP)
|
28,454
|
60.72
|
Mau
|
|||
Kannauj
|
Atrari (CT)
|
5,555
|
86.91
|
|||
Samdhan
(NP)
|
31,479
|
83.12
|
Khairabad (CT)
|
13,016
|
84.96
|
|
Talgram
(NP)
|
11,665
|
50.92
|
Kurthi Jafarpur (CT)
|
14,157
|
75.77
|
|
Auraiya
|
Kopaganj (NP)
|
34,782
|
72.17
|
|||
Kasba
Khanpur (CT)
|
11,938
|
81.01
|
Para (CT)
|
6,427
|
67.14
|
|
Kanpur Dehat
|
Adari (NP)
|
13,717
|
64.07
|
|||
Ahrauli
Shekh (CT)
|
7,383
|
52.88
|
Ghosi (NP)
|
39,165
|
61.41
|
|
Kanpur Nagar
|
Walidpur (CT)
|
25,589
|
58.05
|
|||
Bilhaur
(NPP)
|
20,493
|
55.67
|
Maunath Bhanjan (NPP)
|
2,78,745
|
56.76
|
|
Fatehpur
|
Ballia
|
|||||
Kora
Jahanabad (NP)
|
26,359
|
50.15
|
Premchak Urf Baheri (CT)
|
7,063
|
67.32
|
|
Pratapgarh
|
Jaunpur
|
|||||
Katra
Medniganj (NP)
|
7,931
|
58.93
|
Machhlishahr (NP)
|
26,107
|
55.34
|
|
Kaushambi
|
Khetasarai (NP)
|
19,438
|
50.18
|
|||
Karari
(NP)
|
16,467
|
59.12
|
Ghazipur
|
|||
Allahabad
|
Bahadurganj (NP)
|
19,992
|
55.93
|
|||
Mau Aima
(NP)
|
19,645
|
75.04
|
Chandauli
|
|||
Bharatganj
(NP)
|
16,345
|
62.45
|
Satpokhari (CT)
|
13,757
|
87.64
|
|
Soraon (CT)
|
10,624
|
57.36
|
Chaurhat (CT)
|
7,971
|
82.21
|
|
Phulpur
(NP)
|
22,998
|
54.21
|
Dulhipur (CT)
|
8,243
|
60.71
|
|
Barabanki
|
Bahadurpur (CT)
|
8,515
|
54.43
|
|||
Zaidpur
(NP)
|
34,443
|
81.89
|
Varanasi
|
|||
Dewa (NP)
|
15,662
|
73.30
|
Kotwa (CT)
|
14,394
|
80.76
|
|
Dariyabad
(NP)
|
18,338
|
67.11
|
Harpalpur (CT)
|
7,710
|
77.72
|
|
Fatehpur
(NP)
|
35,582
|
65.51
|
Lohta (CT)
|
25,596
|
76.34
|
|
Satrikh
(NP)
|
12,107
|
55.86
|
Sant Ravidas Nagar
|
|||
Subeha
(NP)
|
13,772
|
50.55
|
Ghosia Bazar (NP)
|
20,760
|
77.37
|
|
Faizabad
|
Bhadohi (NPP)
|
94,620
|
57.02
|
|||
Rudauli
(NPP)
|
43,091
|
58.88
|
Mirzapur
|
|||
Bhadarsa
(NP)
|
13,154
|
57.42
|
Garauri (CT)
|
5,378
|
54.35
|
|
Ambedkar Nagar
|
Kanshiram Nagar
|
|||||
Bhulepur (CT)
|
6,445
|
81.52
|
Sujavalpur (CT)
|
9,835
|
94.12
|
|
Tanda (NPP)
|
95,516
|
72.16
|
Bhargain (NP)
|
21,891
|
92.94
|
|
Iltifatganj Bazar (NP)
|
13,136
|
71.31
|
Sahawar (NP)
|
24,067
|
60.65
|
|
Jalalpur (NPP)
|
31,972
|
70.59
|
Ganj Dundawara (NPP)
|
45,385
|
55.26
|
|
Growth of the Muslims in some Representative Towns
Religious
Distribution of Representative Towns
|
|||||
KAIRANA
(Muzaffarnagar)
|
|||||
Total
|
IR
|
M
|
%IR
|
%M
|
|
1971
|
32,353
|
13,046
|
19,296
|
40.32
|
59.64
|
1981
|
44,505
|
17,407
|
27,086
|
39.11
|
60.86
|
1991
|
56,079
|
14,863
|
41,205
|
26.50
|
73.48
|
2001
|
73,011
|
16,436
|
56,341
|
22.51
|
77.17
|
2011
|
89,000
|
16,938
|
71,863
|
19.03
|
80.74
|
KANDHLA
(Muzaffarnagar)
|
|||||
1971
|
20,061
|
9,803
|
10,253
|
48.87
|
51.11
|
1981
|
25,522
|
13,451
|
12,071
|
52.70
|
47.30
|
1991
|
32,513
|
12,522
|
19,991
|
38.51
|
61.49
|
2001
|
40,136
|
13,594
|
26,521
|
33.87
|
66.08
|
2011
|
46,796
|
13,930
|
32,650
|
29.77
|
69.77
|
DEOBAND
(Saharanpur)
|
|||||
1971
|
38,194
|
15,636
|
22,541
|
40.94
|
59.02
|
1981
|
51,274
|
22,061
|
29,186
|
43.03
|
56.92
|
1991
|
66,208
|
23,362
|
42,834
|
35.29
|
64.70
|
2001
|
81,641
|
27,148
|
54,241
|
33.25
|
66.44
|
2011
|
97,037
|
27,837
|
68,955
|
28.69
|
71.06
|
SHAMLI
(Muzaffarnagar)
|
|||||
1971
|
36,959
|
29,630
|
7,201
|
80.17
|
19.48
|
1981
|
51,850
|
39,841
|
11,872
|
76.84
|
22.90
|
1991
|
70,853
|
53,989
|
16,632
|
76.20
|
23.47
|
2001
|
90,055
|
66,910
|
23,077
|
74.30
|
25.63
|
2011
|
1,07,266
|
76,850
|
30,263
|
71.64
|
28.21
|
PUR
QUAZI (Muzaffarnagar)
|
|||||
1981
|
13,412
|
6,961
|
6,451
|
51.90
|
48.10
|
1991
|
17,752
|
5,344
|
12,408
|
30.10
|
69.90
|
2001
|
23,599
|
6,416
|
17,157
|
27.19
|
72.70
|
2011
|
29,041
|
6,830
|
22,167
|
23.52
|
76.33
|
KHATAULI
(Muzaffarnagar)
|
|||||
1971
|
24,495
|
15,218
|
8,912
|
62.13
|
36.38
|
1981
|
31,384
|
18,417
|
12,491
|
58.68
|
39.80
|
1991
|
44,319
|
23,622
|
20,303
|
53.30
|
45.81
|
2001
|
58,622
|
26,716
|
31,465
|
45.57
|
53.67
|
2011
|
72,949
|
30,592
|
41,958
|
41.94
|
57.52
|
BAGHPAT
(Baghpat)
|
|||||
1971
|
11,666
|
6,843
|
4,809
|
58.66
|
41.22
|
1981
|
17,157
|
11,150
|
6,007
|
64.99
|
35.01
|
1991
|
24,939
|
12,599
|
12,339
|
50.52
|
49.48
|
2001
|
36,384
|
15,876
|
20,438
|
43.63
|
56.17
|
2011
|
50,310
|
19,915
|
30,358
|
39.58
|
60.34
|
BHADOHI
(Sant Kabir Nagar)
|
|||||
1971
|
23,250
|
12,168
|
11,078
|
52.34
|
47.65
|
1981
|
32,192
|
20,976
|
11,212
|
65.16
|
34.83
|
1991
|
64,010
|
31,234
|
32,776
|
48.80
|
51.20
|
2001
|
74,522
|
33,401
|
41,047
|
44.82
|
55.08
|
2011
|
94,620
|
40,235
|
53,948
|
42.52
|
57.02
|
COLONELGANJ
(Gonda)
|
|||||
1971
|
11,743
|
5,525
|
6,179
|
47.05
|
52.62
|
1981
|
14,984
|
9,253
|
5,730
|
61.75
|
38.24
|
1991
|
20,778
|
9,171
|
11,607
|
44.14
|
55.86
|
2001
|
24,142
|
9,140
|
14,982
|
37.86
|
62.06
|
2011
|
29,435
|
10,489
|
18,869
|
35.63
|
64.10
|
A
large number of the towns in the above list have acquired a Muslim-majority in
the course of the last three decades. Since, there were only 101
Muslim-majority towns in 1981, the remaining 130 are either towns where the
share of Muslims has increased to this level in the course of the last three
decades or those that have been added to the list of towns after 1981.
The
share of Muslims has indeed increased rather fast in several towns. An analysis
of the share of Muslims in the towns of 1981 and 2011 indicates that there are
at least 68 Muslim-majority towns of 2011, which were also counted as towns in
1981 but did not have a Muslim majority then.
In the
list of towns of 1981, there are 61, where the share of Muslims in the
population has increased by more than 20 percentage points in the last three
decades and there are 18 where the rise has been of more than 30 percentage
points.
The
towns, where the presence of Muslims has recorded this level of high increase,
are spread out throughout the State. In every part of the State, there are
towns that have acquired a high concentration of Muslims in the recent past. In
addition, there have emerged several new towns with a very high share of
Muslims.
It is
interesting to look at the way the religious demography of some of the towns in
the State has been transformed in the course of the last three decades. The
Table here gives the numbers for 9 representative towns. The list contains a
larger number of towns from West UP, because the phenomenon is the most acute
there. But, we have also included two such towns from other parts of the State.
As can be seen in the Table, the relative balance between the Muslims and
Indian Religionists has been transformed in these towns in the course of the
last two or three decades, and this transformation has often involved a
declined in the absolute number, not merely the share, of Indian Religionists.
There
are also a few towns, where the share of Muslims has declined. Looking at the
data, it seems that some kind of ferment is going on in the urban demography of
the State, with the different communities seeking to consolidate their numbers
in different towns; the consolidation, however, seems largely in favour of the
Muslims.
Such
transformation has serious social, economic and political consequences. It is
the business of the social scientists to study such phenomenon from various
perspectives.
Summing Up
1.
Muslims have a much higher influence in the urban areas of Uttar Pradesh than
what is indicated by their average share in the total population of the State.
2.
They have a share of 37.2 percent in the urban population of the State,
compared to their share of only 19.3 percent in the total population.
3.
This is, of course, because of the higher concentration of Muslims in the urban
areas. Of the Muslims in the State, 37.2 percent are urban. The urban ratio of
the rest of the population in the State is only 15.1 percent.
4. The
level of urbanisation of the Muslims is such that they form a majority in the
urban population of 8 districts of the State and they have a share of between
40 and 50 percent in another 13 districts. These districts with high Muslim
presence in the urban areas are spread throughout the State.
5. The
dominance of Muslims in the urban demography of the State looks deeper and more
widespread when we analyse the data at the sub-district (taluk) level. Muslims
form a majority in the urban population of 106 of the 294 urban taluks of the
State, and they have a share of 40 to 50 percent in another 43.
6.
Among 106 taluks with a majority of Muslims in the urban population, there are
12 where the share of Muslims is above 70 percent and another 23 where their
share is between 60 to 70 percent.
7.
Muslim dominance looks even more intense at the town level. Census 2011 counts
a total of 915 towns in Uttar Pradesh. Muslims form a majority in 231 of these.
These Muslim-majority towns are spread all across the State.
8.
Among 231 Muslim-majority towns in the State, there are 15 where Muslims form
more than 90 percent of the population and there are another 37 where their
share is between 80 to 90 percent.
9.
Analysis of the data for the earlier decades shows that the dominance of Muslims
in the towns of Uttar Pradesh has been rising sharply, particularly after 1981.
10.
There were only 607 towns counted in 1981 and Muslims formed a majority of only
101 amongst them. The number of Muslims majority towns has thus increased from
101 to 231 in these three decades.
11.
The data strongly indicates that the rapid rise in the share of Muslims in the
towns of Uttar Pradesh during the last two or three decades has involved or led
to an out-migration of other communities, mainly Hindus, from several towns.
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